5,5 DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN
\fˈa͡ɪv fˈa͡ɪv dˈɪfˌiːna͡ɪlhˌɪdantˌɔ͡ɪn], \fˈaɪv fˈaɪv dˈɪfˌiːnaɪlhˌɪdantˌɔɪn], \f_ˈaɪ_v f_ˈaɪ_v d_ˈɪ_f_ˌiː_n_aɪ_l_h_ˌɪ_d_a_n_t_ˌɔɪ_n]\
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An anticonvulsant that is used in a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
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